The aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2) are a group of structurally related, extremely toxic compounds produced by the moulds Aspergillus flavus, A. paraciticus and A. nomius. Aflatoxins cause cancer, mainly of the liver but also of the gut, lungs and breast. These moulds mainly occur in food, feed and their ingredients derived from tropical and sub-tropical areas. The most pronounced contamination has been encountered in cereals, rice, maize, soy, tree nuts and peanuts. For aflatoxins Maximum Levels (MLs) are established legally in Europe. Depending on the products used for animal feed or direct human consumption the MLs vary from 50 to 2 µg/kg (ppb). In the aflatoxin EIA-kit of Euro-Diagnostica an antiserum is used that cross-reacts with the aflatoxins B1 and B2. The limit of detection for these aflatoxins is < 1 ppb.